{"id":704,"date":"2025-02-19T14:24:32","date_gmt":"2025-02-19T14:24:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/?p=704"},"modified":"2025-05-13T21:56:21","modified_gmt":"2025-05-13T21:56:21","slug":"reading-book-the-art-of-game-design-a-book-of-lenses-3rd-edition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/reading-book-the-art-of-game-design-a-book-of-lenses-3rd-edition\/","title":{"rendered":"Reading &#8211; Book &#8211; The Art of Game Design: A Book of Lenses (3rd Edition)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Chapter Notes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>In the Beginning, There is the Designer <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Argues that &#8216;listening&#8217; is the most important skill a game designer needs. Listen to team, audience, game, client and self. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Designer Creates an Experience <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>the game is the medium for the experience, but the experience is *not* the game &#8211; it is facilitated by the game. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>they encourage careful reflection and reflexivity when thinking about personal experience -&gt; trying to get to the truth of the experience and how it can be translated so that the player can experience it too <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Experience Takes Place in a Venue<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Interesting to think about the place where the game will be played, especially in terms of whether it is a private, semi-private or public place. Thinking about how can the game be made to be in harmony with the venue it is aimed to be played in. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Experience Rises Out of a Game <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Definitions vary, but they talk about a game as &#8216;something you play&#8217; (pg. 36) and that fun is &#8216;pleasure with surprises&#8217; (pg. 36). The chapter has many other definitions of what a game is.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Another definition of play &#8216;manipulation that indulges curiosity&#8217; (pg.40)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They talk about surprise and fun as being important parts of play. Also encouraging curiosity. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Lens of Endogenous Value: &#8216;A game&#8217;s success hinges on the player&#8217;s willingness to pretend it is important&#8217; (pg. 43) &#8211; what do the players care about here?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Game Consists of Elements<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>4 elements: \n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mechanics: procedures and rules<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Story<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aesthetics<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Technology: Materials and interactions that make the game possible <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These elements should be in harmony with each other <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Elements Support a Theme <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Strengthening a theme: \n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Figure out what the theme is <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use every means possible to reinforce the theme <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Think about what resonates with you or others: what feels powerful or special <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Game Begins with an Idea<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Encourages iterative process starting with an idea<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Try to clearly state the problems and ways to measure if the problems have been solved <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Suggests using exercises to encourage creativity and get away from assumptions and bias -&gt; generate as many ideas as you can at this stage <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Game Improves through Iteration <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">8 filters for assessing your design:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Does this game feel right?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Will the intended audience like the game enough?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Is this a well-designed game?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Is this game novel enough? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Will this game sell?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Is it technically possible to build this game? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Does this game meet our social and community goals?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Do the playtesters enjoy this game enough? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Are there any other specific filters related to the niche of this game  <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">they reference the spiral model of software development by Barry Boehm (1986): <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-style-default\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"923\" src=\"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/image-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-707\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/image-8.png 1024w, https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/image-8-300x270.png 300w, https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/image-8-768x692.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>It encourages an iterative process that is build on figuring out and mitigating the greatest risks -&gt; testing -&gt; redesign using the same principals [Agile \/ Scrum principals developed out of this&#8230;] <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">10 tips for productive prototyping: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Answer a question <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Forget quality <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Don&#8217;t get attached<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Prioritise your prototypes: face your biggest risks first <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You can work on multiple prototypes <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It doesn&#8217;t have to be digital <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It doesn&#8217;t have to be interactive <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pick a fast loop game engine: so you can easily change things<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Build the toy first: think about the fun play elements and then design the game around this<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Seize the opportunity for more more testing loops! <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Game is Made for a Player <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Stereotypes about what males like to see in games: mastery, competition, destruction, spatial puzzles, trial and error <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Stereotypes about what females like to see in games: emotion, real world, nurturing, dialog and verbal puzzles, learning by example <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Empathy is key when thinking about the player <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>LeBlanc&#8217;s Taxonomy of Game Pleasures: Sensation, fantasy, narrative, challenge, fellowship, discovery, expression, submission(to the world of the game)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bartles Taxonomy of Player Types: Achievers, Explorers, Socialisers, Killers <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-thumbnail is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/image-9-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-709\" style=\"width:757px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bartle_taxonomy_of_player_types\">Wikepedia (2020)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Experience Is in the Player&#8217;s Mind <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>We use mental models to make sense of the world <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Encouraging focus by encouraging flow state: clear goals, no distractions, direct feedback, continuously challenging <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Having empathy for the player and encouraging their empathy are important <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consider how to activate imagination  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Player&#8217;s Mind is Driven by the Player&#8217;s Motivation <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Consider intrinsic and extrinsic motivation <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Some Elements Are Game Mechanics <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Space, time, objects, actions, rules, skill, chance <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Game Mechanics Must Be in Balance<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">12 types of game balance<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>fairness : symmetrical or asymmetrical <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>challenge vs success <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>meaningful choices <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>skill vs chance <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>head vs hands <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>competition vs cooperation <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>short vs long <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rewards <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>punishment <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>freedom vs controlled experience <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>simple vs complex <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>detail vs imagination <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Game Mechanics Support Puzzles <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Make the goal easily understood, make it easy to get started, give a sense of progress, give a sense of solvability, increase difficulty gradually, parallelism &#8211; let the player rest, pyramid structure extends interest, hints extend interest, give the answer<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Players Play Games through an Interface <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Can you make the interface &#8216;juicy&#8217; to use: pleasurable to hold and work with <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consider mapping data that you need to travel from and to the player and considering what channels you have available to you to transmit them<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Try to reduce the chance of confusion<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Experiences Can be Judged by Their Interest Curves <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Think carefully about the key moments in the story &#8211; how can these be made as powerful as possible?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Map out the interest curves and test them out <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>One Kind of Experience Is the Story <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Makes the point that all storytelling is about imaginative interactivity e.g. what will happen next etc <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Branching stories can feel weak and it is usually too complicated to write multiple unified storylines<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tragic stories are a problem and not usually done because usually anything seriously bad that happens can be undone <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They suggest that the story should be the last element to think about as it is the most flexible . If it is fixed too early, it can suffocate the rest of the game design principals. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The hero&#8217;s journey&#8230; <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Story and Game Structures Can be Artfully Merged with Indirect Control <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Thinking about the balance of the feeling of freedom with restriction <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Indirect control: constraining options, using goals, using the interface to direct actions, visual design, characters, music<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Stories and Games Take Place in Worlds <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Transmedia worlds as worlds that can be entered using different mediums e.g. Star Wars books, films or soundtracks <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Everyone has secret wishes and desires: What fantasy does my world fulfil, who does the player fantasise about being, what does my player fantasise about doing there? <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Worlds Contain Characters <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Characters in games are more about the physical than the mental, more about fantasy than reality, and more simple than complex<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avatars: ideal form vs blank slate or both together <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tips for character design: \n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>List the character functions e.g. hero: plays the game, minions: bad guys etc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Flesh out the characters with character traits <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use the interpersonal cicumplex to visualise the relationships between characters<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"478\" height=\"454\" src=\"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/image-10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-715\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/image-10.png 478w, https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/image-10-300x285.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 478px) 100vw, 478px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Map out the relationships between the characters<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consider behavioural markers of status (body language)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use the power of voice, face<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>transform the characters when powerful things happen in the story<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>let the characters be surprising <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>if the characters look uncanny &#8211; they will ruin the connection between the player and the game &#8211; they may become creepy looking <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Worlds Contain Spaces <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>linear \/ grid \/ web \/ points in space \/ divided space <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Some Interfaces Create a Feeling of Presence<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Idea of things that can break the sense of presence e.g. motion sickness, counter-intuitive interactions <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Presence builders: hand presence, social presence, familiarity, realistic audio, proprioceptive alignment, comedy, <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Look and Feel of a World Is Defined by Its Aesthetics<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>visuals and audio <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Some Games Are Played with Other Players <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Why we play with others: competition, collaboration, meeting up, exploring our friends, exploring ourselves, <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Other Players Sometimes Form Communities<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>tips for strong communities: foster friendships, put conflict at the heart, architecture that shapes the community, create community property, let players express themselves, support player levels (beginner -&gt; expert) with the ability for people to confer knowledge \/ privileges etc to the lower levels, force players to depend on each other, manage your community, obligations to others is powerful(e.g. let&#8217;s meet up at &#8230; ) , create community events <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8216;griefing&#8217; some players spoiling the game for others because they do not care about the game as much. Mitigation \n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>identify systems that are easy to grief, make griefing boring, think about if you are ignoring any loopholes&#8230; <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Designer Usually Works with a Team <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Attending to the team is a very important part of the project<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Team Sometimes Communicates through Documents <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>There is no perfect template doc! <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Good Games Are Created through Playtesting <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Planning playtesting. Consider: \n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Why: what&#8217;s the question here?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Who should playtest?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>When: at what point in the process?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Where<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What: what will the game look like to test what you want to test for? Remember to be open to surprises &#8211; finding out things you didn&#8217;t expect to test. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>How will you do it?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What data will you collect and when?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FFWWDD (Shawn Patton) \n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>What was most <strong>F<\/strong>rustrating?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What was your <strong>F<\/strong>avourite moment? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Was there anything you <strong>W<\/strong>anted to do but you couldnt?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If you had a magic <strong>W<\/strong>and to change anything, what would it be?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What were you <strong>D<\/strong>oing during the experience? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>How would you <strong>D<\/strong>escribe this game to your friends and family? <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Team Builds a Game with Technology<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>What technologies will help deliver the experience I want to create? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Am I using these technologies in a way that is foundational or decorative? If decorative, should I be using them at all? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Is there a disruptive technology that I should consider instead? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Think about how technology will have changed in 5 years, will this have an influence on what tech I use? <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Your Game Will Probably Have a Client<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>What does the client say they want? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What does the client think they want? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>What does the client really want in their heart? <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Designer Gives the Client a Pitch <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Tips for a good pitch: \n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Get in the door<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Show you are serious<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Be organised <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Be passionate<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Assume their point of view: start with the platform, audience and genre, <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>confidence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>be flexible<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rehearse<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>get them to own it<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>follow up <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Design the pitch<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Know all the details <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>The Designer and Client Want the Game to Make a Profit<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Do your research on the market etc <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Games Transform Their Players <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>Considering transformational games: define the transformation, find experts, and don&#8217;t do too much, think about how you will measure change, <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Designers Have Certain Responsibilities<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><em>Each Designer Has a Purpose <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Reflections and next steps <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list has-medium-font-size\">\n<li>psychology, anthropology and design are listed as three key disciplines important to game design and I have interest and experience in all three. I think this is a good sign!  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They reference an interesting sounding book: &#8220;Diversifying Barbie and Mortal Kombat: Intersectional Perspectives and Inclusive Goals in Gaming&#8221; by Yasmin B. Kafai which I have requested as an inter-library loan as one major problem for this game is the cultural point of view &#8211; what kind of male culture should I be thinking of when designing the game?  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Interesting that comedy can increase presence alignment <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Interesting that they say the secret to teamwork is love: either love for the game or the audience. This sounds like a good value to use to ground a project. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The book has given me an excellent framework to approach the next stage of my project: to map out the timeline and tasks in a more specific way and to get on with the ideation stage. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Reference<\/strong>s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Expressing social attitudes in virtual agents for social training games &#8211; Scientific Figure on ResearchGate. Available from: https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/figure\/nterpersonal-circumplex-by-Isbister_fig2_260295310 [accessed 19 Feb 2025]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Schell, J. (2018).&nbsp;<em>Art Of Game Design.<\/em>&nbsp;CRC Press.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\u200cWikipedia (2020).&nbsp;<em>Bartle Taxonomy of Player Types<\/em>. [online] Wikipedia. Available at: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bartle_taxonomy_of_player_types.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">\u200c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chapter Notes In the Beginning, There is the Designer The Designer Creates an Experience The Experience Takes Place in a&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1166,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-704","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-learningjourneys","category-reading"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/71k2myR37GL._SL1500_.jpg",1211,1500,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/71k2myR37GL._SL1500_-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/71k2myR37GL._SL1500_-242x300.jpg",242,300,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/71k2myR37GL._SL1500_-768x951.jpg",640,793,true],"large":["https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/71k2myR37GL._SL1500_-827x1024.jpg",640,792,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/71k2myR37GL._SL1500_.jpg",1211,1500,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/02\/71k2myR37GL._SL1500_.jpg",1211,1500,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"kb4n24","author_link":"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/author\/kb4n24\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Chapter Notes In the Beginning, There is the Designer The Designer Creates an Experience The Experience Takes Place in a&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/704","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=704"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/704\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1580,"href":"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/704\/revisions\/1580"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1166"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=704"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=704"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wsa-creativetechnologies.uk\/kb4n24\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=704"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}